=encoding utf8

=head1 NAME

Mail::Message::Body::String - body of a Mail::Message stored as single string

=head1 INHERITANCE

 Mail::Message::Body::String
   is a Mail::Message::Body
   is a Mail::Reporter

   Mail::Message::Body also extends Mail::Reporter
   is a Mail::Reporter

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  See Mail::Message::Body

=head1 DESCRIPTION

The body (content) of a message can be stored in various ways.  In this
documentation you will find the description of extra functionality you have
when a message is stored as a single scalar.

Storing a whole message in one string is only a smart choice when the content
is small or encoded. Even when stored as a scalar, you can still treat the
body as if the data is stored in lines or an external file, but this will be
slower.

Extends L<"DESCRIPTION" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"DESCRIPTION">.

=head1 OVERLOADED

Extends L<"OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED">.

=over 4

=item overload: B<'""'> stringification

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED">

=item overload: B<'=='> numerical comparison

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED">

=item overload: B<'@{}'> addressed as array

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED">

=item overload: B<bool> true/false

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED">

=back

=head1 METHODS

Extends L<"METHODS" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"METHODS">.

=head2 Constructors

Extends L<"Constructors" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Constructors">.

=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<clone>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Constructors">

=item $class-E<gt>B<new>(%options)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Constructors">

 -Option           --Defined in         --Default
  based_on           Mail::Message::Body  undef
  charset            Mail::Message::Body  'PERL'
  checked            Mail::Message::Body  false
  content_id         Mail::Message::Body  undef
  data               Mail::Message::Body  undef
  description        Mail::Message::Body  undef
  disposition        Mail::Message::Body  undef
  eol                Mail::Message::Body  'NATIVE'
  file               Mail::Message::Body  undef
  filename           Mail::Message::Body  undef
  language           Mail::Message::Body  undef
  message            Mail::Message::Body  undef
  mime_type          Mail::Message::Body  'text/plain'
  modified           Mail::Message::Body  false
  transfer_encoding  Mail::Message::Body  'none'

=over 2

=item based_on => $body

=item charset => $charset|'PERL'|<undef>

=item checked => BOOLEAN

=item content_id => STRING

=item data => \@lines|$text

=item description => STRING|$field

=item disposition => STRING|$field

=item eol => 'CR'|'LF'|'CRLF'|'NATIVE'

=item file => $file|$handle|$io

=item filename => $file

=item language => STRING|\@lang|$field

=item message => $message

=item mime_type => STRING|$field|$mime

=item modified => BOOLEAN

=item transfer_encoding => STRING|$field

=back

=back

=head2 Attributes

Extends L<"Attributes" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Attributes">.

=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<charsetDetectAlgorithm>( [CODE|undef|METHOD] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Attributes">

=back

=head2 Constructing a body

Extends L<"Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Constructing a body">.

=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<attach>(@messages, %options)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Construct/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<charsetDetect>(%options)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<check>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<concatenate>(@components)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Construct/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<decoded>(%options)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<encode>(%options)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<encoded>(%options)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<eol>( ['CR'|'LF'|'CRLF'|'NATIVE'] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<foreachLine>(CODE)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Construct/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<stripSignature>(%options)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Construct/"Constructing a body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<unify>($body)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body">

=back

=head2 The body

Extends L<"The body" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"The body">.

=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<isDelayed>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<isMultipart>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<isNested>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<message>( [$message] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<partNumberOf>($part)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body">

=back

=head2 About the payload

Extends L<"About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">.

=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<charset>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<checked>( [BOOLEAN] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<contentId>( [STRING|$field] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<description>( [STRING|$field] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<disposition>( [STRING|$field] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<dispositionFilename>( [$directory] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<isBinary>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<isText>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<language>( [@langs|\@langs|$langs|$field] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<mimeType>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<nrLines>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<size>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<transferEncoding>( [STRING|$field] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<type>( [STRING|$field] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">

=back

=head2 Access to the payload

Extends L<"Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">.

=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<endsOnNewline>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<file>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<lines>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<print>( [$fh] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<printEscapedFrom>($fh)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<string>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<stripTrailingNewline>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<write>(%options)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">

=back

=head2 Internals

Extends L<"Internals" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">.

=over 4

=item $any-E<gt>B<addTransferEncHandler>( $name, <$class|$object> )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<contentInfoFrom>($head)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<contentInfoTo>($head)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<fileLocation>( [$begin, $end] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<getTransferEncHandler>($type)

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<isModified>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<load>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<modified>( [BOOLEAN] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<moveLocation>( [$distance] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<read>( $parser, $head, $bodytype, [$chars, [$lines]] )

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">

=back

=head2 Error handling

Extends L<"Error handling" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Error handling">.

=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<AUTOLOAD>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Error handling">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<notImplemented>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<notImplemented>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling">

=back

=head2 Cleanup

Extends L<"Cleanup" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Cleanup">.

=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<DESTROY>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Cleanup">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<DESTROY>()

Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Cleanup">

=back

=head1 DETAILS

Extends L<"DETAILS" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"DETAILS">.

=head1 DIAGNOSTICS

=over 4

=item Warning: Content-Transfer-Encoding '$te' requires explicit charset, defaulted to utf-8.

Cast by C<encode()>

=item Fault: Unable to read file $name for message body scalar: $!

A L<Mail::Message::Body::String|Mail::Message::Body::String> object is to be created from a named
file, but it is impossible to read that file to retrieve the lines within.
Cast by C<new()>

=item Error: cannot concatenate element $which

Cast by C<concatenate()>

=item Fault: cannot open $file to write body: $!

Cast by C<write()>

=item Warning: charset '$name' is not known.

The encoding or decoding of a message body encounters a character set which
is not understood by Perl's Encode module.
Cast by C<encode()>

=item Error: class $package does not implement method $method.

Fatal error: the specific C<$package> (or one of its superclasses) does not
implement this method where it should. This message means that some other
related classes do implement this method however the class at hand does
not.  Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author
of the package.
Cast by C<notImplemented()>

=item Error: class $package does not implement method $method.

Fatal error: the specific C<$package> (or one of its superclasses) does not
implement this method where it should. This message means that some other
related classes do implement this method however the class at hand does
not.  Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author
of the package.
Cast by C<notImplemented()>

=item Fault: error closing $file after write body: $!

Cast by C<write()>

=item Warning: no decoder defined for transfer encoding '$encoding'.

The data (message body) is encoded in a way which is not currently understood,
therefore no decoding (or recoding) can take place.
Cast by C<encode()>

=item Warning: no encoder defined for transfer encoding '$encoding'.

The data (message body) has been decoded, but the required encoding is
unknown.  The decoded data is returned.
Cast by C<encode()>

=item Error: no filename parameter for write() body.

Cast by C<write()>

=item Error: part number needs multi-part or nested.

Cast by C<partNumberOf()>

=item Error: unknown line terminator '$eol'.

Cast by C<eol()>

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

This module is part of Mail-Message version 4.05,
built on April 10, 2026. Website: F<http://perl.overmeer.net/mailbox/>

=head1 LICENSE

For contributors see file ChangeLog.

This software is copyright (c) 2001-2026 by Mark Overmeer.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

