MBLAZE(7)

NAME
mblaze - introduction to the mblaze message system

DESCRIPTION
The mblaze message system is a set of Unix utilities for processing and interacting with mail messages which are stored in maildir folders.

Its design is roughly inspired by MH, the RAND Message Handling System, but it is a complete implementation from scratch.

mblaze consists of these Unix utilities that each do one job:

maddr(1)
    extract mail addresses from messages
magrep(1)
    search messages matching a pattern
mbnc(1)
    bounce messages
mcom(1)
    compose and send messages
mdeliver(1)
    deliver messages or import mbox file
mdirs(1)
    list maildir folders, recursively
mexport(1)
    export messages as mbox file
mflag(1)
    manipulate maildir message flags
mflow(1)
    reflow format=flowed plain text messages
mfwd(1)
    forward messages
mgenmid(1)
    generate a Message-ID
mhdr(1)
    print message headers
minc(1)
    incorporate new messages
mless(1)
    conveniently read messages in less(1)
mlist(1)
    list and filter messages
mmime(1)
    create MIME messages
mmkdir(1)
    create new maildir folders
mpick(1)
    advanced message filter
mrefile(1)
    move or copy messages between maildir folders
mrep(1)
    reply to messages
mscan(1)
    generate one-line message summaries
msed(1)
    manipulate message headers
mseq(1)
    manipulate message sequences
mshow(1)
    render messages and extract MIME parts
msort(1)
    sort messages
mthread(1)
    arrange messages into discussions

mblaze is a classic command line MUA and has no features for receiving or transferring messages; you can operate on messages in a local maildir spool, or fetch your messages using fdm(1), getmail(1), offlineimap(1), or similar utilities, and send it using dma(8), msmtp(1), sendmail(8), as provided by OpenSMTPD, Postfix, or similar.

mblaze operates directly on maildir folders and doesn't use its own caches or databases. There is no setup needed for many uses. All utilities have been written with performance in mind. Enumeration of all messages in a maildir is avoided unless necessary, and then optimized to limit syscalls. Parsing message metadata is optimized to limit I/O requests. Initial operations on a large maildir may feel slow, but as soon as they are in the file system cache, everything is blazingly fast. The utilities are written to be memory efficient (i.e. not wasteful), but whole messages are assumed to fit into RAM easily (one at a time).

mblaze has been written from scratch and is now well tested, but it is not 100% RFC-conforming (which is neither worth it, nor desirable). There may be issues with very old, nonconforming, messages.

mblaze is written in portable C, using only POSIX functions (apart from a tiny Linux-only optimization), and has no external dependencies. It supports MIME and more than 7-bit messages ( everything the host iconv(3) can decode). It assumes you work in a UTF-8 environment. mblaze works well with other Unix utilities such as mairix(1), mu(1), or offlineimap(1).

EXAMPLES
mblaze utilities are designed to be composed together in a pipe. They are suitable for interactive use and for scripting, and integrate well into a Unix workflow.

For example, you could decide you want to look at all unseen messages in your INBOX, oldest first.
    mlist -s ~/Maildir/INBOX | msort -d | mscan

To operate on a set of messages in multiple steps, you can save it as a sequence, e.g. add a call to ‘mseq -S’ to the above command:
    mlist -s ~/Maildir/INBOX | msort -d | mseq -S | mscan

Now mscan will show message numbers and you could look at the first five messages at once, for example:
    mshow 1:5

Likewise, you could decide to incorporate ( by moving from new to cur) all new messages in all folders, thread it and look at it interactively:
    mdirs ~/Maildir | xargs minc | mthread | mless

Or you could list the attachments of the 20 largest messages in your INBOX:
    mlist ~/Maildir/INBOX | msort -S | tail -20 | mshow -t

Or delete messages beyond a certain age:
    mlist ~/Maildir/INBOX | mpick -t 'mtime < "-365d"' | xargs rm

Or apply the patches from the current message:
    mshow -O. '*.diff' | patch

As usual with pipes, the sky is the limit.

CONCEPTS
mblaze deals with messages (which are files), folders (which are maildir folders), sequences ( which are newline-separated lists of messages, possibly saved on disk in ${MBLAZE:-$HOME/.mblaze}/seq), and the current message ( kept as a symlink in ${MBLAZE:-$HOME/.mblaze}/cur).

Messages in the saved sequence can be referred to using special syntax as explained in mmsg(7).

Many utilities have a default behavior when used interactively from a terminal (e.g. operate on the current message or the current sequence). For scripting, you must make these arguments explicit.

For configuration, see mblaze-profile(5).

COLORS
mblaze color output of mshow(1) and mscan(1) can be configured via environment variables starting with MCOLOR_. For example:
    export MCOLOR_FROM=226

will turn the color of From= header line to bright yellow.

All programmable colors:
MCOLOR_CUR
    current message in mless
MCOLOR_DIFF_D
    diff deleted lines
MCOLOR_DIFF_I
    diff inserted lines
MCOLOR_DIFF_R
    diff line range
MCOLOR_FOOTER
    footer
MCOLOR_FROM
    from header line
MCOLOR_HEADER
    rest of header
MCOLOR_QUOTE
    quote
MCOLOR_QQUOTE
    double-nested quote
MCOLOR_QQQUOTE
    triple-nested quote
MCOLOR_SEP
    message separator
MCOLOR_SIG
    message signature

SEE ALSO
mailx(1), mblaze-profile(5), nmh(7)

AUTHORS
Leah Neukirchen <leah@vuxu.org>

There is a mailing list available at mblaze@googlegroups.com ( to subscribe, send a message to mblaze+subscribe@googlegroups.com); archives are available at https://inbox.vuxu.org/mblaze/. There also is an IRC channel #vuxu on irc.libera.chat. Please report security-related bugs directly to the author.

LICENSE
mblaze is in the public domain.

To the extent possible under law, the creator of this work has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this work.

http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/