.. index:: single: url(Representation)
.. _url/1:

.. rst-class:: right

**object**

``url(Representation)``
=======================

* ``Representation`` - URL and is components representation. Valid values are ``atom``, ``codes``, and ``chars``.


URL validating, parsing, and normalizing predicates following RFC3986 nomenclature.

| **Availability:** 
|    ``logtalk_load(url(loader))``

| **Author:** Paulo Moura
| **Version:** 1:2:0
| **Date:** 2026-04-17

| **Compilation flags:**
|    ``static, context_switching_calls``


| **Uses:**
|    :ref:`list <list/0>`

| **Remarks:**
|    (none)

| **Inherited public predicates:**
|    (none)

.. contents::
   :local:
   :backlinks: top

Public predicates
-----------------

.. index:: valid/1
.. _url/1::valid/1:

``valid/1``
^^^^^^^^^^^

True iff the argument is a valid URL, including optional query and fragment components.

| **Compilation flags:**
|    ``static``

| **Template:**
|    ``valid(URL)``
| **Mode and number of proofs:**
|    ``valid(++text)`` - ``zero_or_one``


------------

.. index:: parse/2
.. _url/1::parse/2:

``parse/2``
^^^^^^^^^^^

Parses a URL into a list of its components: ``[scheme(Scheme), authority(Authority), path(Path), query(Query), fragment(Fragment)]``. Fails if the URL is invalid and cannot be parsed.

| **Compilation flags:**
|    ``static``

| **Template:**
|    ``parse(URL,Components)``
| **Mode and number of proofs:**
|    ``parse(++text,-list(compound))`` - ``zero_or_one``


------------

.. index:: generate/2
.. _url/1::generate/2:

``generate/2``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Generates a normalized URL from a list of its components: ``[scheme(Scheme), authority(Authority), path(Path), query(Query), fragment(Fragment)]`` for standard URLs, or scheme-specific components for mailto, news, tel, and urn URLs. Fails if the components are invalid.

| **Compilation flags:**
|    ``static``

| **Template:**
|    ``generate(Components,URL)``
| **Mode and number of proofs:**
|    ``generate(++list(compound),-text)`` - ``zero_or_one``


------------

.. index:: normalize/2
.. _url/1::normalize/2:

``normalize/2``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Normalizes a URL by standardizing its components. Normalization includes converting the scheme to lowercase, percent-encoding characters that require escaping, ensuring proper path separators, and handling relative paths.

| **Compilation flags:**
|    ``static``

| **Template:**
|    ``normalize(URL,NormalizedURL)``
| **Mode and number of proofs:**
|    ``normalize(++text,-text)`` - ``one``


------------

.. index:: file_path_components/2
.. _url/1::file_path_components/2:

``file_path_components/2``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Converts a file-system path into file URL components represented as ``[authority(Authority), path(Path)]``. Windows drive-letter and UNC paths are normalized to RFC3986-compatible file URL components.

| **Compilation flags:**
|    ``static``

| **Template:**
|    ``file_path_components(FilePath,Components)``
| **Mode and number of proofs:**
|    ``file_path_components(++text,-list(compound))`` - ``one``


------------

Protected predicates
--------------------

(no local declarations; see entity ancestors if any)

Private predicates
------------------

.. index:: downcase_text/2
.. _url/1::downcase_text/2:

``downcase_text/2``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Converts text to lowercase (ASCII only). Only uppercase letters A-Z are converted to lowercase.

| **Compilation flags:**
|    ``static``

| **Template:**
|    ``downcase_text(Text,LowerText)``
| **Mode and number of proofs:**
|    ``downcase_text(+text,-text)`` - ``one``


------------

Operators
---------

(none)

