dimension_reduction_protocols — Logtalk 3.100.1

# `dimension_reduction_protocols`

This library provides protocols and reusable support predicates used in the implementation of machine learning dimension reduction algorithms. Unsupervised datasets are represented as objects implementing the `dimension_reduction_dataset_protocol` protocol. Labeled datasets for supervised reducers such as Linear Discriminant Analysis are represented as objects implementing the `supervised_dimension_reduction_dataset_protocol` protocol. Target-valued datasets for reducers such as partial least squares projections are represented as objects implementing the `target_supervised_dimension_reduction_dataset_protocol` protocol. Dimension reducers are represented as objects importing the `dimension_reducer_common` category.

This library also provides reusable test datasets and a small smoke-test suite.

Concrete dimension reduction algorithms are intentionally out of scope for this package. The goal is to provide a portable foundation for libraries such as `pca_projection`, `truncated_svd_projection`, `random_projection`, `nmf_projection`, `lda_projection`, and `pls_projection`, including shared reducer helpers for common tasks such as feature encoding, projection, reducer validation, diagnostics, export, and pretty-printing.

Exported reducers are serialized protocol-wide as single-argument predicates such as `reducer(Reducer)`, allowing the saved reducer term to be loaded and passed directly to `transform/3`.

All reducers importing the shared category are also expected to record a diagnostics list containing at least `model/1` and `options/1` terms. The shared protocol surface exposes this metadata using the `diagnostics/2`, `diagnostic/2`, and `dimension_reducer_options/2` predicates and validates serialized reducers using `check_dimension_reducer/1`.

## API documentation

Open the ../../apis/library_index.html#dimension_reduction_protocols link in a web browser.

## Loading

To load all entities in this library, load the `loader.lgt` file:

    | ?- logtalk_load(dimension_reduction_protocols(loader)).

## Common options

The `dimension_reducer_common` category supports the `feature_scaling/1` option used by importing reducers to control continuous feature normalization before projection:

- `feature_scaling(true)` standardizes each continuous attribute using its training-set mean and standard deviation.

- `feature_scaling(false)` only centers each continuous attribute using its training-set mean.

The current `pca_projection`, `random_projection`, `lda_projection`, and `pls_projection` libraries all define `feature_scaling(true)` as their default.

Reducers can also specialize preprocessing behavior. For example, the `nmf_projection` library only supports `center(false)` because the learned feature representation must remain non-negative.

## Testing

To run the library smoke tests, load the `tester.lgt` file:

    | ?- logtalk_load(dimension_reduction_protocols(tester)).

## Test datasets

Several sample datasets are included in the `test_datasets` directory:

- `correlated_plane.lgt` — A compact continuous dataset with 8 examples and 3 continuous attributes (`x`, `y`, `z`) where the features are strongly correlated. It is intended for PCA and projection smoke tests.

- `high_dimensional_measurements.lgt` — A small continuous dataset with 10 examples and 6 continuous attributes (`f1` through `f6`). It is intended for testing projected dimensionality and reducer output shape.

- `low_rank_rectangular.lgt` — A compact continuous dataset with 4 examples and 3 continuous attributes whose third feature is the sum of the first two. It is intended for testing matrix-rank truncation and singular-value-based reducers such as `truncated_svd_projection`.

- `labeled_measurements.lgt` — A compact labeled continuous dataset with 9 examples, 4 continuous attributes (`length`, `width`, `height`, `weight`), and 3 class labels (`alpha`, `beta`, `gamma`). It is intended for testing supervised reducers such as `lda_projection`.

- `parts_based_measurements.lgt` — A compact non-negative continuous dataset with 5 examples and 4 continuous attributes (`f1` through `f4`) built from two latent additive parts. It is intended for testing parts-based reducers such as `nmf_projection`.

- `target_latent_measurements.lgt` — A compact target-valued continuous dataset with 6 examples, 4 continuous attributes (`f1` through `f4`), and a numeric target attribute (`score`) influenced by two latent directions. It is intended for testing target-supervised reducers such as `pls_projection`.

- Target-supervised smoke coverage is currently provided by the `target_measurements` object in the library smoke tests, which exercises the `target_supervised_dimension_reduction_dataset_protocol` contract.