{}/1 — Logtalk 3.100.1

control construct

# `{}/1`

## Description

    {Goal}
    {Closure}
    {Term}

This control construct allows the programmer to bypass the Logtalk compiler (including its linter but not its optimizer) in multiple contexts:

- Calling a goal as-is (from within an object or category) in the context of the user pseudo-object.

- Extending a closure as-is with the remaining arguments of a call/2-N call in order to construct a goal that will be called within the context of the `user` pseudo-object.

- Wrapping a source file term (either a clause or a directive) or a source file goal to bypass the term-expansion mechanism.

- Using it in place of an object identifier when sending a message. In this case, its argument is proved as a goal within the context of the `user` pseudo-object with the resulting term being used as an object identifier in the message-sending goal. This feature is mainly used with parametric objects when their identifiers correspond to predicates defined in `user`.

- Using it as a message to an object. This is mainly useful when the message is a conjunction of messages where some of goals are calls to Prolog built-in predicates.

Note

This control construct is opaque to cuts when used to wrap a goal (thus ensuring the same semantics independently of the argument being bound at compile-time or at runtime).

## Modes and number of proofs

    {+callable} - zero_or_more

## Errors

`Goal` is a variable:
`instantiation_error`
`Goal` is neither a variable nor a callable term:
`type_error(callable, Goal)`
`Closure` is a variable:
`instantiation_error`
`Closure` is neither a variable nor a callable term:
`type_error(callable, Closure)`
`Term` is a variable:
`instantiation_error`
`Term` is neither a variable nor a callable term:
`type_error(callable, Term)`

## Examples

    % overload the standard (<)/2 operator by
    % calling its standard built-in definition:
    N1/D1 < N2/D2 :-
        {N1*D2 < N2*D1}.

    % call a closure in the context of "user":
    call_in_user(F, X, Y, Z) :-
        call({F}, X, Y, Z).

    % bypass the compiler for a proprietary backend directive:
    {:- load_foreign_resource(file)}.

    % use parametric object proxies:
    | ?- {circle(Id, Radius, Color)}::area(Area).
    ...

    % use Prolog built-in predicates as messages:
    | ?- logtalk::{write('hello world!'), nl}.
    hello world!
    yes