ACPI(4)

NAME
acpi - Advanced Configuration and Power Management support

SYNOPSIS
device acpi

options ACPI_DEBUG
options DDB

DESCRIPTION
The acpi driver provides support for the Intel/Microsoft/Compaq/Toshiba ACPI standard. This support includes platform hardware discovery (superseding the PnP and PCI BIOS), as well as power management (superseding APM) and other features. ACPI core support is provided by the ACPI CA reference implementation from Intel.

Note that the acpi driver is automatically loaded by the loader(8), and should only be compiled into the kernel on platforms where ACPI is mandatory.

SYSCTL VARIABLES
The acpi driver is intended to provide power management without user intervention. If the default settings are not optimal, the following sysctls can be used to modify or monitor acpi behavior. Note that some variables will be available only if the given hardware supports them (such as hw.acpi.acline).

debug.acpi.enable_debug_objects
    Enable dumping Debug objects without options ACPI_DEBUG. Default is 0, ignore Debug objects.

dev.cpu.N.cx_usage
    Debugging information listing the percent of total usage for each sleep state. The values are reset when dev.cpu.N.cx_lowest is modified.

dev.cpu.N.cx_lowest
    Lowest Cx state to use for idling the CPU. A scheduling algorithm will select states between C1 and this setting as system load dictates. To enable ACPI CPU idling control, machdep.idle should be set to acpi if it is listed in machdep.idle_available.

dev.cpu.N.cx_supported
    List of supported CPU idle states and their transition latency in microseconds. Each state has a type (e.g., C2). C1 is equivalent to the ia32 HLT instruction, C2 provides a deeper sleep with the same semantics, and C3 provides the deepest sleep but additionally requires bus mastering to be disabled. States greater than C3 provide even more power savings with the same semantics as the C3 state. Deeper sleeps provide more power savings but increased transition latency when an interrupt occurs.

dev.cpu.N.cx_method
    List of supported CPU idle states and their transition methods, as directed by the firmware.

hw.acpi.acline
    AC line state (1 means online, 0 means on battery power).

hw.acpi.disable_on_reboot
    Disable ACPI during the reboot process. Most systems reboot fine with ACPI still enabled, but some require exiting to legacy mode first. Default is 0, leave ACPI enabled.

hw.acpi.handle_reboot
    Use the ACPI Reset Register capability to reboot the system. Some newer systems require use of this register, while some only work with legacy rebooting support.

hw.acpi.lid_switch_state
    Suspend state (S1–S5) to enter when the lid switch (i.e., a notebook screen) is closed, or “NONE” (do nothing). Default is “NONE”.

hw.acpi.power_button_state
    Suspend state (S1–S5) to enter when the power button is pressed, or “NONE” (do nothing). Default is S5 (power-off nicely).

hw.acpi.reset_video
    Reset the video adapter from real mode during the resume path. Some systems need this help, others have display problems if it is enabled. Default is 0 (disabled).

hw.acpi.s4bios
    Indicate whether the system supports S4BIOS. This means that the BIOS can handle all the functions of suspending the system to disk. Otherwise, the OS is responsible for suspending to disk (S4OS). Most current systems do not support S4BIOS.

hw.acpi.sleep_button_state
    Suspend state (S1–S5) to enter when the sleep button is pressed. This is usually a special function button on the keyboard. Default is S3 (suspend-to-RAM).

hw.acpi.sleep_delay
    Wait this number of seconds between preparing the system to suspend and actually entering the suspend state. Default is 1 second.

hw.acpi.supported_sleep_state
    Suspend states (S1–S5) supported by the BIOS.

    S1  Quick suspend to RAM. The CPU enters a lower power state, but most peripherals are left running.

    S2  Lower power state than S1, but with the same basic characteristics. Not supported by many systems.

    S3  Suspend to RAM. Most devices are powered off, and the system stops running except for memory refresh.

    S4  Suspend to disk. All devices are powered off, and the system stops running. When resuming, the system starts as if from a cold power on. Not yet supported by FreeBSD unless S4BIOS is available.

    S5  System shuts down cleanly and powers off.

hw.acpi.verbose
    Enable verbose printing from the various ACPI subsystems.

LOADER TUNABLES
Tunables can be set at the loader(8) prompt before booting the kernel or stored in /boot/loader.conf. Many of these tunables also have a matching sysctl(8) entry for access after boot.

acpi_dsdt_load
    Enables loading of a custom ACPI DSDT.

acpi_dsdt_name
    Name of the DSDT table to load, if loading is enabled.

debug.acpi.disabled
    Selectively disables portions of ACPI for debugging purposes.

debug.acpi.interpreter_slack
    Enable less strict ACPI implementations. Default is 1, ignore common BIOS mistakes.

debug.acpi.max_threads
    Specify the number of task threads that are started on boot. Limiting this to 1 may help work around various BIOSes that cannot handle parallel requests. The default value is 3.

debug.acpi.quirks
    Override any automatic quirks completely.

debug.acpi.resume_beep
    Beep the PC speaker on resume. This can help diagnose suspend/resume problems. Default is 0 (disabled).

hint.acpi.0.disabled
    Set this to 1 to disable all of ACPI. If ACPI has been disabled on your system due to a blacklist entry for your BIOS, you can set this to 0 to re-enable ACPI for testing.

hw.acpi.ec.poll_timeout
    Delay in milliseconds to wait for the EC to respond. Try increasing this number if you get the error "AE_NO_HARDWARE_RESPONSE".

hw.acpi.host_mem_start
    Override the assumed memory starting address for PCI host bridges.

hw.acpi.install_interface, hw.acpi.remove_interface
    Install or remove OS interface(s) to control return value of ‘_OSI’ query method. When an OS interface is specified in hw.acpi.install_interface, _OSI query for the interface returns it is supported. Conversely, when an OS interface is specified in hw.acpi.remove_interface, _OSI query returns it is not supported. Multiple interfaces can be specified in a comma-separated list and any leading white spaces will be ignored. For example, "FreeBSD, Linux" is a valid list of two interfaces "FreeBSD" and "Linux".

hw.acpi.hw.acpi.override_isa_irq_polarity (x86)
    Forces active-lo polarity for edge-triggered ISA interrupts. Some older systems incorrectly specify active-lo polarity for ISA interrupts and this override fixes those systems. This override is enabled by default on systems with Intel CPUs, but can be enabled or disabled by setting the tunable explicitly.

hw.acpi.reset_video
    Enables calling the VESA reset BIOS vector on the resume path. This can fix some graphics cards that have problems such as LCD white-out after resume. Default is 0 (disabled).

hw.acpi.serialize_methods
    Allow override of whether methods execute in parallel or not. Enable this for serial behavior, which fixes "AE_ALREADY_EXISTS" errors for AML that really cannot handle parallel method execution. It is off by default since this breaks recursive methods and some IBMs use such code.

hw.acpi.verbose
    Turn on verbose debugging information about what ACPI is doing.

hw.pci.link.%s.%d.irq
    Override the interrupt to use for this link and index. This capability should be used carefully, and only if a device is not working with acpi enabled. "%s" is the name of the link (e.g., LNKA). "%d" is the resource index when the link supports multiple IRQs. Most PCI links only have one IRQ resource, so the below form should be used.

hw.pci.link.%s.irq
    Override the interrupt to use. This capability should be used carefully, and only if a device is not working with acpi enabled. "%s" is the name of the link (e.g., LNKA).

DISABLING ACPI
Since ACPI support on different platforms varies greatly, there are many debugging and tuning options available.

For machines known not to work with acpi enabled, there is a BIOS blacklist. Currently, the blacklist only controls whether acpi should be disabled or not. In the future, it will have more granularity to control features (the infrastructure for that is already there).

To enable acpi (for debugging purposes, etc.) on machines that are on the blacklist, set the kernel environment variable hint.acpi.0.disabled to 0. Before trying this, consider updating your BIOS to a more recent version that may be compatible with ACPI.

To disable the acpi driver completely, set the kernel environment variable hint.acpi.0.disabled to 1.

Some i386 machines totally fail to operate with some or all of ACPI disabled. Other i386 machines fail with ACPI enabled. Disabling all or part of ACPI on non-i386 platforms (i.e., platforms where ACPI support is mandatory) may result in a non-functional system.

The acpi driver comprises a set of drivers, which may be selectively disabled in case of problems. To disable a sub-driver, list it in the kernel environment variable debug.acpi.disabled. Multiple entries can be listed, separated by a space.

ACPI sub-devices and features that can be disabled:

all Disable all ACPI features and devices.

acad
    (device) Supports AC adapter.

bus (feature) Probes and attaches subdevices. Disabling will avoid scanning the ACPI namespace entirely.

children
    (feature) Attaches standard ACPI sub-drivers and devices enumerated in the ACPI namespace. Disabling this has a similar effect to disabling “bus”, except that the ACPI namespace will still be scanned.

button
    (device) Supports ACPI button devices (typically power and sleep buttons).

cmbat
    (device) Control-method batteries device.

cpu (device) Supports CPU power-saving and speed-setting functions.

ec  (device) Supports the ACPI Embedded Controller interface, used to communicate with embedded platform controllers.

isa (device) Supports an ISA bus bridge defined in the ACPI namespace, typically as a child of a PCI bus.

lid (device) Supports an ACPI laptop lid switch, which typically puts a system to sleep.

mwait
    (feature) Do not ask firmware for available x86-vendor specific methods to enter Cx sleep states. Only query and use the generic I/O-based entrance method. The knob is provided to work around inconsistencies in the tables filled by firmware.

quirks
    (feature) Do not honor quirks. Quirks automatically disable ACPI functionality based on the XSDT table's OEM vendor name and revision date.

pci (device) Supports Host to PCI bridges.

pci_link
    (feature) Performs PCI interrupt routing.

sysresource
    (device) Pseudo-devices containing resources which ACPI claims.

thermal
    (device) Supports system cooling and heat management.

timer
    (device) Implements a timecounter using the ACPI fixed-frequency timer.

video
    (device) Supports acpi_video(4) which may conflict with agp(4) device.

It is also possible to avoid portions of the ACPI namespace which may be causing problems, by listing the full path of the root of the region to be avoided in the kernel environment variable debug.acpi.avoid. The object and all of its children will be ignored during the bus/children scan of the namespace. The ACPI CA code will still know about the avoided region.

DEBUGGING OUTPUT
To enable debugging output, acpi must be compiled with options ACPI_DEBUG. Debugging output is separated between layers and levels, where a layer is a component of the ACPI subsystem, and a level is a particular kind of debugging output.

Both layers and levels are specified as a whitespace-separated list of tokens, with layers listed in debug.acpi.layer and levels in debug.acpi.level.

The first set of layers is for ACPI-CA components, and the second is for FreeBSD drivers. The ACPI-CA layer descriptions include the prefix for the files they refer to. The supported layers are:

ACPI_UTILITIES
    Utility ("ut") functions
ACPI_HARDWARE
    Hardware access ("hw")
ACPI_EVENTS
    Event and GPE ("ev")
ACPI_TABLES
    Table access ("tb")
ACPI_NAMESPACE
    Namespace evaluation ("ns")
ACPI_PARSER
    AML parser ("ps")
ACPI_DISPATCHER
    Internal representation of interpreter state ("ds")
ACPI_EXECUTER
    Execute AML methods ("ex")
ACPI_RESOURCES
    Resource parsing ("rs")
ACPI_CA_DEBUGGER
    Debugger implementation ("db", "dm")
ACPI_OS_SERVICES
    Usermode support routines ("os")
ACPI_CA_DISASSEMBLER
    Disassembler implementation (unused)
ACPI_ALL_COMPONENTS
    All the above ACPI-CA components
ACPI_AC_ADAPTER
    AC adapter driver
ACPI_BATTERY
    Control-method battery driver
ACPI_BUS
    ACPI, ISA, and PCI bus drivers
ACPI_BUTTON
    Power and sleep button driver
ACPI_EC
    Embedded controller driver
ACPI_FAN
    Fan driver
ACPI_OEM
    Platform-specific driver for hotkeys, LED, etc.
ACPI_POWER
    Power resource driver
ACPI_PROCESSOR
    CPU driver
ACPI_THERMAL
    Thermal zone driver
ACPI_TIMER
    Timer driver
ACPI_ALL_DRIVERS
    All the above FreeBSD ACPI drivers

The supported levels are:

ACPI_LV_INIT
    Initialization progress
ACPI_LV_DEBUG_OBJECT
    Stores to objects
ACPI_LV_INFO
    General information and progress
ACPI_LV_REPAIR
    Repair a common problem with predefined methods
ACPI_LV_ALL_EXCEPTIONS
    All the previous levels
ACPI_LV_PARSE
ACPI_LV_DISPATCH
ACPI_LV_EXEC
ACPI_LV_NAMES
ACPI_LV_OPREGION
ACPI_LV_BFIELD
ACPI_LV_TABLES
ACPI_LV_VALUES
ACPI_LV_OBJECTS
ACPI_LV_RESOURCES
ACPI_LV_USER_REQUESTS
ACPI_LV_PACKAGE
ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY1
    All the previous levels
ACPI_LV_ALLOCATIONS
ACPI_LV_FUNCTIONS
ACPI_LV_OPTIMIZATIONS
ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY2
    All the previous levels
ACPI_LV_ALL
    Synonym for "ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY2"
ACPI_LV_MUTEX
ACPI_LV_THREADS
ACPI_LV_IO
ACPI_LV_INTERRUPTS
ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY3
    All the previous levels
ACPI_LV_AML_DISASSEMBLE
ACPI_LV_VERBOSE_INFO
ACPI_LV_FULL_TABLES
ACPI_LV_EVENTS
ACPI_LV_VERBOSE
    All levels after "ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY3"
ACPI_LV_INIT_NAMES
ACPI_LV_LOAD

Selection of the appropriate layer and level values is important to avoid massive amounts of debugging output. For example, the following configuration is a good way to gather initial information. It enables debug output for both ACPI-CA and the acpi driver, printing basic information about errors, warnings, and progress.

    debug.acpi.layer="ACPI_ALL_COMPONENTS ACPI_ALL_DRIVERS"
    debug.acpi.level="ACPI_LV_ALL_EXCEPTIONS"

Debugging output by the ACPI CA subsystem is prefixed with the module name in lowercase, followed by a source line number. Output from the FreeBSD-local code follows the same format, but the module name is uppercased.

OVERRIDING YOUR BIOS BYTECODE
ACPI interprets bytecode named AML (ACPI Machine Language) provided by the BIOS vendor as a memory image at boot time. Sometimes, the AML code contains a bug that does not appear when parsed by the Microsoft implementation. FreeBSD provides a way to override it with your own AML code to work around or debug such problems. Note that all AML in your DSDT and any SSDT tables is overridden.

In order to load your AML code, you must edit /boot/loader.conf and include the following lines.

    acpi_dsdt_load="YES"
    acpi_dsdt_name="/boot/acpi_dsdt.aml" # You may change this name.

In order to prepare your AML code, you will need the acpidump(8) and iasl(8) utilities and some ACPI knowledge.

COMPATIBILITY
ACPI is only found and supported on i386/ia32 and amd64.

SEE ALSO
kenv(1), acpi_thermal(4), device.hints(5), loader.conf(5), acpiconf(8), acpidump(8), config(8), iasl(8) Compaq Computer Corporation, Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Phoenix Technologies Ltd., Toshiba Corporation, August 25, 2003, Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification, http://acpi.info/spec.htm.

AUTHORS
-nosplit The ACPI CA subsystem is developed and maintained by Intel Architecture Labs.

The following people made notable contributions to the ACPI subsystem in FreeBSD: Michael Smith, Takanori Watanabe <takawata@jp.FreeBSD.org>, Mitsuru IWASAKI <iwasaki@jp.FreeBSD.org>, Munehiro Matsuda, Nate Lawson, the ACPI-jp mailing list at <acpi-jp@jp.FreeBSD.org>, and many other contributors.

This manual page was written by Michael Smith <msmith@FreeBSD.org>.

BUGS
Many BIOS versions have serious bugs that may cause system instability, break suspend/resume, or prevent devices from operating properly due to IRQ routing problems. Upgrade your BIOS to the latest version available from the vendor before deciding it is a problem with acpi.